Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, which causes red blood cells to assume a rigid, sickle-like shape. These deformed cells can lead to blockages in blood vessels, resulting in painful episodes, increased risk of infections, and long-term complications affecting multiple organs. Managing SCD requires a comprehensive approach, focusing on alleviating symptoms, preventing complications, and improving overall quality of life. Advances in medical research have led to the development of various treatment options, including pain management therapies, hydroxyurea, blood transfusions, and newer disease-modifying therapies like gene therapies. In this introduction, we will explore the different medications and treatment strategies available for sickle cell disease, their mechanisms of action, and their role in enhancing the well-being of those living with this challenging condition.
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