Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition characterized by the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing. This condition can significantly impact daily life and, if left untreated, may result in complications like esophagitis, strictures, or Barrett's esophagus. Advances in medicine have provided a variety of treatment options, ranging from lifestyle modifications and over-the-counter antacids to prescription medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 receptor antagonists. In some cases, surgical interventions may be considered. Ongoing research continues to enhance our understanding of GERD, paving the way for more effective therapies and improved management strategies for individuals affected by this common gastrointestinal disorder.
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