Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the irreversible scarring of lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties and reduced oxygen levels in the blood. The exact cause of IPF remains unknown, which is reflected in its designation as "idiopathic." This condition typically affects older adults and can significantly impact quality of life, as symptoms may include persistent cough, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Advances in IPF medicine have introduced several treatment options aimed at slowing disease progression and managing symptoms. Antifibrotic medications such as pirfenidone and nintedanib have shown promise in reducing lung function decline. Additionally, ongoing research is focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms of IPF and exploring novel therapies, including combination treatments and potential gene therapies, to enhance patient care and improve outcomes for those affected by this challenging disease.
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