Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by sudden and severe episodes of pain, swelling, and redness in the joints, most commonly affecting the big toe. It is caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, resulting from high levels of uric acid in the blood. Gout can significantly impact a person's quality of life, and recurrent attacks may lead to chronic joint damage if left untreated. Advances in gout medicine have introduced a range of treatment options, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and urate-lowering therapies such as allopurinol and febuxostat. Ongoing research aims to enhance our understanding of the disease and develop more effective management strategies, helping individuals effectively control their symptoms and reduce the risk of flare-ups.
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